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Can Tanzania be the partners of the clean fuel vehicles?
One million people are moving into cities every week, causing, traffic gridlock, declining air and water quality, and loss of green space. Air pollution in many cities in the developing world is reaching crisis proportions the third session of the World Urban. Writes NYASIGO KORNEL.
One million people are moving into cities every week, causing, traffic gridlock, declining air and water quality, and loss of green space. Air pollution in many cities in the developing world is reaching crisis proportions the third session of the World Urban.
The Habitat Forum that took place at Tanzania Global Development and Learning Centre (TGDLC) involved online discussion of the theme "Sustainable Cities: Governing the Environment for All", which included a debate surrounding energy and planning. This JAM forum has explored how to translate environmental sustainability into local action in cities all around the world.
The forum on Environmental Sustainability has discuss issues such as renewable energy, climate change, waste reduction, green building and infrastructure, urban design, urban nature, sustainable transportation, environmental health and much more.
The Partnership for Clean Fuels and Vehicles was established at the World Summit on Sustainable Development in September 2002 to reduce vehicular air pollution in developing countries through the promotion of clean fuels and vehicles.
At the September 2004 national workshop on phasing out leaded petrol, Tanzania committed itself to phasing out leaded petrol. The government stated its intention to stop importing leaded petrol as of 31 October 2004.
For this reason, policies and programs to ensure a safe and healthy environment for Tanzanias citizens have particular significance.
The source of much of this pollution is oil- and diesel-burning vehicle exhaust a major threat to human health and a key contributor to global climate change.
As we enter a new millennium, safeguarding the resources of Tanzania and ensuring a clean and healthy environment for its citizens have never been more important.
More than half of motor fuel now used in Africa is lead-free, according to a World Bank report that most African participants quoted in the Habitat JAM
"Removing lead from petrol in Africa is proving to be one of the great environmental and health success stories of the early 21st century," says Klaus Toepfer, executive director of UNEP through the Habitat JAM.
According to the Global Lead Network, a non-governmental organization that calls for lead in petrol to be phased out, African fuel has the world's highest content of lead, and high levels of dust help disperse the toxin, increasing likelihood of exposure.
Exposure to lead can damage human organs, including the kidneys and brain. Young children's nervous systems are particularly susceptible to lead exposure, which has been linked to reduced intelligence and behavioral disorders.
Most countries in North America, Europe and Asia have phased out lead a prerequisite for introduction of catalytic converters, which can further reduce pollution emitted by vehicles. But Africa has lagged behind in the drive for cleaner fuel. The push for a lead-free fuel on the continent began with the Dakar declaration for the phasing-out of leaded fuel in 2001, at a time when only Sudan was lead-free.
In Africa, the JAM notified of the PCFV Clearing-House that has received notice from the government of Cte d'Ivoire that it is no longer producing leaded petrol! The government lowered the octane level from 93 to 91 RON, and now lead is no longer necessary.
The discussion revealed in the case study of Cte d'Ivoire that there are remaining stocks of leaded petrol in the country, but those are expected to be used up by the end of March 2005. Congratulations to Cte d'Ivoire!
In the JAM forum, the report on the workshop organized by the PCFV Clearing-House at UNEP and the Gambian Government have been included ; a bold decision to phase- out lead completely in gasoline and to allow only the import of vehicles equipped with catalytic converters, was made by the Gambian Authorities. This decision is to come into force at the end of July 2005.
Tanzania Global Development and Learning centre (TGDLC) who was the facilitator in the Habitat JAM is a member of the Global Development Learning Network and its core function is to enable decision makers, senior and mid-level professionals and practitioners access and share the wealth of knowledge and experiences available in the world through the global communication system and information and Communications technologies.
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